The Ultimate Guide To KGW Crystal
The Ultimate Guide To KGW Crystal
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The gain bandwidth e.g. of Yb:KGW and Yb:KYW is incredibly significant in comparison with that of Yb:YAG. This permits for huge wavelength tunability and for Substantially shorter pulse durations from method-locked lasers. Values nicely down below a hundred fs happen to be realized with passive manner locking.
In conclusion, we demonstrated that undoped scintillator crystals: BGO, GGG, YSO, LSO and LYSO are effective nonlinear supplies for broadband SC generation within the in the vicinity of-infrared and brief-wave infrared spectral ranges, when pumped by 180 fs elementary harmonic pulses from an amplified Yb:KGW laser. YSO, LSO and LYSO generated two octave-spanning SC spectra, which Review to SC spectra created in YAG. These elements show really comparable performances to YAG also in terms of threshold and best pump pulse energies for SC generation. Having said that, for what considerations the possibility to work at significant laser pulse repetition rate, YSO, LSO and LYSO display durable operation only at 10 kHz and immediately degrade (within just a few minutes) at 20 kHz. Apart from the fairly small SC generation threshold (169 nJ), GGG demonstrated excellent general performance attributes in the shorter-wave infrared Together with the optimal pump pulse Power of 464 nJ, and that is two times decrease than in YAG: the biggest crimson-shifted spectral broadening and the very best spectral energy density, outperforming KGW and YAG crystals in that facet.
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]. Etalon insertion would result in extra loss, on the other hand, time-to-time optimization would introduce the chance of part problems and instability to the program. A nonlinear regenerative amplifier could right provide pulses that has a length as low as ninety seven fs as well as a spectral bandwidth of 19 nm[
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Last but not least, we investigated the prolonged-phrase performances of SC generation in crystal samples under best pumping circumstances at higher laser repetition rates. In doing this, the crystal samples were not translated and kept in the stationary posture with regard for the pump beam through the overall measurement. The examples illustrating robust very long-expression performances of SC technology in KGW and YAG crystals at significant laser repetition prices may very well be discovered somewhere else. Additional particularly, steady performance of KGW crystal at two MHz pulse repetition amount under quite very similar pump beam concentrating geometry was reported recently30, Whilst YAG crystal shown secure effectiveness for quite a few several hours at 200 kHz pulse repetition price In spite of incredibly restricted focusing with the pump beam (NA=0.085)32. The extended-term overall performance assessments in LSO, LYSO and YSO unveiled gradual narrowing of your SC spectra over the prolonged-wavelength side that happened right after a certain exposure time and will be attributed for the optical degradation of those materials. For example, in LSO, the onset of spectral narrowing was noticed immediately after (sim 20) minutes in a laser repetition price of ten kHz, even though in a laser repetition charge of 20 kHz, steady SC generation performance was observed just for roughly 2 min.
The actual spectra ended up reconstructed by correcting the calculated spectra with the account for that filter transmission capabilities and for the sensitivity functions on the spectrometers at the information write-up-processing phase. The spectral dynamics in each sample was calculated by great tuning the pump pulse Vitality with a computer-controlled attenuator that was built-in in the laser method. Thermal Power meter EM (Ophir 3A-PF-twelve) was utilized to measure the SC Vitality which was thereafter used to calculate the spectral energy density of the SC radiation. All of the measurements were done without any translation in the sample with respect towards the pump beam.
Figure 4 Beam radius variation on The 2 crystals while switching the focal duration on the thermal lensing influence.
The Martinez stretcher stretched the seed pulses to ~250 ps with 1600 grooves/mm grating. The enter from the stretcher (incident angle: fifty two°) and that on the compressor incident at the grating ended up from the very same side; therefore, a slight angular tuning in the grating may very well be designed to get the most beneficial compression result. Inside the compressor, the input angle around the grating and the gap in between the translation phase (S1) plus the transmission grating (TG) ended up made to compensate for the stretcher dispersion and all dispersion launched via the materials.
The Yb:KGW laser program has a quasi-3-degree conduct. The web achieve in the Yb:KGW crystal wasn't high: quite a few tens of roundtrips have been needed to amplify the nanojoule seed to the millijoule level. Therefore, the achieve-narrowing effect was unavoidable in Yb:KGW regenerative amplifiers.
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Both equally check here energies are marked by the dashed traces and their values are labeled within the plots. The identical options have been also observed in KGW and YAG crystals, whose spectral broadening dynamics are demonstrated for any comparison in Fig. four.